How to Repair Timber Windows
Timber windows can be an attractive feature of a house. However, over the passage of time and exposure to harsh weather conditions, they can begin to degrade.
Repairs are cheaper than replacing window frames. This will help you save money, and your home will retain its original character.
Repairing rotten wood
Window frames made of wood are always exposed to the elements and are one of the first elements of a home to be damaged and damp. Fortunately, decayed wood is often repaired and addressed quickly. It is important to identify the issue and take action as soon as possible. Otherwise, it could worsen.
It's important to first assess the extent of the rot and determine if it is able to be salvaged. A thorough exterior inspection is a good place to start, checking for damaged slates or tiles on the roof, blocked guttering, and deficient damp proof course (DPC). It is also a good idea to check the inside of the home, including cellars and basements, and joist ends in non-cavity walls.
After you've identified the part that has been affected by rot, it's crucial to remove as much of the rotten timber as possible. This will lessen the extent of damage and make it easier to complete the rest of the repair work. Then, use a clawed hammer or pry bar to take out as much wood that is rotting as possible. It's not easy to do however by pushing the clawed end of the hammer against the healthy board and inserting the pry bar in the corner, you will be able create enough leverage to free the old wood.
When removing the rotten timber Make sure you leave a gap between the two. This will stop moisture from leaking into the wood and causing damage to the timbers in the gap. To minimise the risk of further damage and leaks, it's worth removing any nails or debris from the affected area.
The epoxy or wood filler can be used to repair the remaining boards after removing the rotten wood. This is a fairly affordable and simple method to fix wood rot on windows made of timber. It can be sanded down and painted to match your existing frame.
If the degree of decay is serious However, it could be more economical to replace the entire frame with a new one especially if you're looking for an ongoing solution that will protect against further moisture penetration. It is also advisable to contact an expert timber window repair service to determine what options are available to you.
Splicing or scarfing in
Timber windows are a popular choice for period homes and listed homes, however they can also be used to upgrade new properties. While they're more expensive but they provide long-term advantages and add value.
They can be manufactured in any size and are extremely robust. They are also easy to retrofit and offer superior thermal performance. However, they do require regular maintenance - especially painting.
There are two main types of timber: hardwoods and softwoods. Hardwoods are broad-leafed deciduous species with a complex cellular structure. This provides them with excellent stability in terms of dimensions. Softwoods, on the other hand, come from needle-leafed or coniferous trees and have a much simpler cell structure.
Traditionally, structural joints within timber frames were created by mortice and tenons, or the comb joint. These joints are pinched or nailed into position and are not bonded using adhesive. Water can easily flow between timber sections and cause rot or staining. Poor workmanship can contribute to this. For instance fixings that are not covered or inadequately punched in can allow moisture to penetrate the frame. If this is allowed to happen, it can result in rust staining and water deposits on the window frames.
Replacing upvc window repairs with uPVC is generally not an choice, especially for historic and listed buildings, as they undermine the integrity of the building. uPVC is also a low-quality material with a limited lifespan. It ends up in landfill.
Modern timbers such as Accoya and Red Grandis are treated and impregnated to ensure that they are able to withstand the effects of weather conditions and pests. Properly maintained and painted, these windows can provide the longest service. They can be fitted with burglar proof glass which increases the force needed to open the windows and makes them harder to break.
While replacing timber sash windows using uPVC might be less expensive initially, this is not an option for period or listed buildings, as it can damage the property's integrity and violate planning permission. uPVC is also draughty, and will last a limited time before it needs to be replaced.
Filling cracks or splinters
Providing the right treatment and care, timber windows can be in service for many years. They can enhance a building's aesthetics, offer decoration, and fulfill their primary purpose of keeping a home safe, dry and warm. However, as with all things, they could be susceptible to wear and tear and, when this occurs, it is vital to treat them and get repaired.
Wood rot is an issue for wooden windows. It's not enough to repair the rotten pieces. Once frames are damaged by rot, it could be a challenge to repair. It is essential to inspect your windows made of wood frequently, particularly before winter season arrives. The relentless cold temperatures and rain can be particularly harsh on them, increasing the chance of water penetration.
If a window is removed it's important to make notes of the condition of the frames and noting any areas that are badly damaged. This can help save time and money in the end as it'll make the restoration process much easier. It could also help you avoid the cost of replacing a complete window.
If you are looking to replace a damaged part of a wooden window it is always best to scarf in or splice a new piece seasoned wood than to try to repair the old one. This can be done by either cutting the damaged area to at least 5cm beyond the point of rot, or by cutting off the entire sash and splicing a new piece.
The final step is to treat the wood with a preservative. This will stop moisture from getting into the wood which can cause it rot and weaken its structure. If you do not plan to treat your windows, it's vital that you paint them on a regular basis to keep them in good condition.
In the majority of instances, windows made of timber that require repairs can be fixed by the handy DIYer. If the sashes are damaged or the internal linings have been damaged, it may be required that the window be dismantled and rebuilt. One of the most difficult problems to fix is a broken counterbalance rope for double-hung windows as these can only be replaced by taking the sashes off and disassembling the frame.
Painting
A good paint job can make a huge difference to windows made of timber. It can make them look new and fresh however, it can also keep them healthy by covering up any signs of rot or other issues. Make sure that the wood is completely dry before you begin painting. This is important, as moisture can trigger wet rot. If you're not sure, use a wood moisture meter to determine the moisture content of the wood. Moisture may still be present even if the wood looks and feels dry to the touch, therefore it is essential to be aware of if your window frames are susceptible to wet rot.
It is a good idea to clean the entire frame with a damp soft cloth before you begin painting. This will eliminate any grease or oils marks. This will ensure that you don't just smear the dirt around and makes cleaning easier. It is also worth removing the window handles if you have them, and placing them on one side. This will make it easier to work with the frames, without having to worry about breaking the glass.
Apply a thin layer of primer using a dry, clean brush once you are ready. This will give your surface more depth, and also prepare it for the final coat of paint. Let it dry and then sand it gently using fine sandpaper to give it an even finish.
The next step is to apply the first coat of paint. Be sure to apply the paint in thin layers and cover all areas equally. After the paint is dry then sand it lightly and then apply the next coat.
Repeat this process until your window is the color and finish you want. Be aware that you may have to paint your timber windows approximately every 6-10 years, dependent on their location and the amount of sunlight they are exposed to. Regular maintenance is the best way to ensure that your timber windows look and function at their best as long as you can.